マハトマガンジーも西側の文明を否定している。
Mahatma Gandhi too denied Western Culture.
[Wikipedia].
インド、真の独立。ヒンドゥ＝スワラージHind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hind_Swaraj_or_Indian_Home_Rule.
Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book written by Mohandas K. Gandhi in 1909.
In it he expresses his views on Swaraj, modern civilization, mechanisation, among other matters.
In the book, Gandhi repudiates European civilization while expressing loyalty to higher ideals of empire ("moral empire").
The book was banned in 1910 by the British government in India as a seditious text.
Key arguments.
Gandhi's Hind Swaraj takes the form of a dialogue between two characters, The Reader and The Editor.
The Reader voices the common beliefs and arguments of the time concerning Indian Independence.
1. First, Gandhi argues that ‘Home Rule is Self Rule’.
He argues that it is not enough for the British to leave only for Indians to adopt a British-styled society.
As he puts it, some "want English rule without the Englishman ... that is to say, [they] would make India English. And when it becomes English, it will be called not Hindustan but Englishtan.
This is not the Swaraj I want.”
3. To exert passive resistance, Gandhi reasons that Swadeshi (self-reliance) be exercised by Indians, meaning the refusal of all trade and dealings with the British.
He addresses the English when he states, “If you do not concede our demand, we shall be no longer your petitioners. You can govern us only so long as we remain the governed; we shall no longer have any dealings with you."
Gandhi makes an intriguing argument here:
if the British want India for trade, remove trade from the equation.
4. Finally, Gandhi argues that India will never be free unless it rejects Western civilization itself.
In the text he is deeply critical of western civilization, claiming, “India is being ground down, not under the English heel, but under that of modern civilization."
He speaks about civilization not just in relation to India, though.
He argues that “Western civilization is such that one has only to be patient and it will be self-destroyed."
It is a profound repudiation. Not only is western civilization unhealthy for India, but western civilization is by its own virtue unhealthy.
Censorship.
The Gujarati translation of Hind Swaraj was banned by the British authorities, on its publication in India.
[Wikipedia].
Mahatma Gandhi.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi[pron 1] (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.
