レンジャー部隊とは、インディアンを虐殺した部隊が起源。
[Wikipedia]
75th Ranger Regiment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment
Active 1984–present
1942–present (1st Battalion)
2006–present (Regimental Special Troops Battalion)
The 75th Ranger Regiment, also known as the Army Rangers, is the United States Army Special Operations Command's premier light infantry and direct-action raid force.
History
Origin
American Ranger history predates the American Revolutionary War. Captain Benjamin Church formed Church's Rangers, which fought hostile Native American tribes during King Philip's War.
In 1756, Robert Rogers recruited nine Ranger companies to fight in the French and Indian War. They were known as "Rogers' Rangers".
The 75th Regiment's history dates back to these rifle companies organized by Rogers, which made long-range attacks against French forces and their native allies, and were instrumental in capturing Fort Detroit.
During the War of 1812, companies of United States Rangers were raised from among the frontier settlers as part of the regular army. Throughout the war, they patrolled the frontier from Ohio to Western Illinois on horseback and by boat.
Rangers participated in many skirmishes and battles with the British and their American Indian allies.
[Wikipedia]
United States Army Rangers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers
The United States Army Rangers are U.S. Army personnel who have served in any unit which has held the official designation of "Ranger".
In a broader and less formal sense, the term "ranger" has been used, officially and unofficially, in North America since the 17th century, to describe specialized light infantry in small, independent units—usually companies.
The first units to be officially designated Rangers were companies recruited in the New England Colonies to fight against Native Americans in King Philip's War.
Following that time, the term became more common in official usage, during the French and Indian Wars of the 18th century.
The U.S. military has had "Ranger" companies since the American Revolutionary War. British Army units designated as "Rangers" have often also had historical links of some kind to British North America.
The 75th Ranger Regiment is an elite airborne light infantry combat formation within the United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC).
The six battalions of the modern Rangers have been deployed in Korea, Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Afghanistan and Iraq.
History
Colonial period
Rangers played a crucial role in the 17th and 18th-century conflicts between American colonists and Native American tribes.
British regular troops were unfamiliar with frontier warfare, leading to the development of Ranger companies to specialize in such tactics.
Rangers were full-time soldiers employed by colonial governments to patrol between fixed frontier fortifications in reconnaissance providing early warning of raids.
In offensive operations, they were scouts and guides, locating villages and other targets for taskforces drawn from the militia or other colonial troops.
In Colonial America, "The earliest mention of Ranger operations comes from Capt. John "Samuel" Smith", who wrote in 1622, "When I had ten men able to go abroad, our common wealth was very strong: with such a number I ranged that unknown country 14 weeks."
Robert Black also stated that,
In 1622, after the Berkeley Plantation Massacre ... grim-faced men went forth to search out the Indian enemy. They were militia—citizen soldiers—but they were learning to blend the methods of Indian and European warfare ... As they went in search of the enemy, the words range, ranging and Ranger were frequently used ... The American Ranger had been born.
The father of American ranging is Colonel Benjamin Church (c. 1639–1718).
He was the captain of the first Ranger force in America (1676).
Church was commissioned by the Governor of the Plymouth Colony Josiah Winslow to form the first ranger company for King Philip's War. He later employed the company to raid Acadia during King William's War and Queen Anne's War.
Benjamin Church designed his force primarily to emulate Native American patterns of war. Toward this end, Church endeavored to learn to fight like Native Americans from Native Americans. Americans became rangers exclusively under the tutelage of the Native American allies. (Until the end of the colonial period, rangers depended on Native Americans as both allies and teachers.)[6]: 34–35
Church developed a special full-time unit mixing white colonists selected for frontier skills with friendly Native Americans to carry out offensive strikes against hostile Native Americans in terrain where normal militia units were ineffective. In 1716, his memoirs, entitled Entertaining Passages relating to Philip's War, was published and is considered by some to constitute the first American military manual.[6]: 33–35
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA
ロジャーズとレンジャーズ
フレンチ・インディアン戦争のとき、ロジャーズはイギリス軍のために有名になったロジャーズ・レンジャーズを立ち上げ指揮した。
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA
アメリカ陸軍の歴史は、独立戦争よりも古い。1700年代の半ば、民兵隊大尉のベンジャミン・チャーチと、少佐のロバート・ロジャーズとがそれぞれ、フィリップ王戦争とフレンチ・インディアン戦争とでレンジャー部隊を編成した。
第75レンジャー連隊 (アメリカ軍)
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC75%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E9%80%A3%E9%9A%8A_(%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E8%BB%8D)
歴史
第75レンジャー連隊は、17世紀にアメリカ先住民と戦った「レンジャー辺境部隊」が起源である。18世紀に入り、ロバート・ロジャーズ少佐（1731年 - 1795年）が1756年に9個中隊で構成されたレンジャー部隊を編成し、フレンチ・インディアン戦争（7年戦争における北米大陸での戦争を示す）でゲリラ戦を展開し、アメリカ独立戦争と南北戦争にも参加した。
